I could be wrong here, but it seems to me that a common aspect amongst all languages is the tendency to raise the pitch of your voice slightly when asking a question. Especially at the end of a question sentence.
If I’m wrong about this raised pitch being common amongst all languages, at the very least do all languages change their tone slightly to indicate that a question is being asked?
I guess there needs to be some way to indicate what is and isn’t a question. Perhaps a higher pitched voice reflects uncertainty. Is this something deep rooted in humans, or just an arbitrary choice when language developed?
English doesn’t even go up at the end of sentences for all questions, just yes or no ones.
I love you guys
Good catch - WH-questions tend to have a pitch drop instead.
Now thinking, Portuguese and Italian seem to follow the same pattern as English.
Same for German.
Do you really think thats true?
I read this as you emphasizing true, not pitching up.
need that exponent formatting on lemmy
Hmmm…this?
“Rhetorical” questions - like this one - are specially interesting because, while they follow the syntax of a genuine question, they’re pragmatically assertions. You’re implying “this is not true”, even if you’re phrasing it as a question.
And that phrasal pitch contour that you see in yes/no questions is dictated by the pragmatical purpose of the utterance, so if the “question” is not actually a question, it doesn’t get it.
Can you tell me more?
Yes, I can.
/me leaves the roomSerious now, this sentence is a great example because, even if phrased as a yes/no question, you’ll typically see it being used as a request - “please tell me more”. And as such you’ll often hear it without the higher pitch associated with yes/no questions.
Sorry; maybe try again and think of some other cases?
No
You sure about that?
Could you give some specific examples of questions in English that would not be asked with a rising tone at the end?
What’s your name? How old are you? Where are you from?
They seem to have a rise-drop, at least when I say them.
“How old are you?” is interesting because the rise is on the third-last word (“old”). But “How old is your daughter?” has the rise in the first syllable of daughter.
I’m totally with you. I think it is somewhat speaker dependent, but that is how I would say those questions.
What’s your NAme
How OLD (are you)?
Where are you FROm?
You would never say
"What’s YOUR name?
“How old are YOU?”
“Where ARE you from?”
?
The first two have emphasis that imply something different than a simple question. Like you are asking a bunch of people individually, and you are directing each question at a specific person.
The last one would maybe be like, if the person did something weird, and you were sarcastically asking where the are from, to imply that they were raised by wolves, or something like that.
Point being, yes, you can ask like that, but it has different connotations than a simple question, which I think is where you would use the rising intonation.
Do you really pronounce those with a higher pitch? Or do you pronounce them louder?
EDIT: that is a genuine question given that a lot of people conflate stress (louder; more dB) with pitch (higher tone; more Hz), and the examples provided hint prosodic stress, not prosodic intonation, since in English prosodic stress is often used for emphasis.
That’s just emphasis. You can tell because you can shift it to another word.
I wonder if it’s more because we frame the question by altering the structure to indicate the appropriate response.
We could just as well ask “you are from where?” Or “your name is what?” That matches the expected sentence structure of a response, and the natural pitch rises.
Switching the emphasis on one word can completely change the meaning of a phrase, there’s one example I love: “I never said she stole his money”
But the default stress towards the end of the question is what makes it a question.
You can move the stress to another word for emphasis on yes-no questions, too, similarly removing the “rising intonation” that makes a question.
E.g., “Do you want any cheese^?” vs. “Do you WANT any cheese?” (Falling intonation after “want”)
This clip has Arnold asking questions without the rising tone while the kids mostly use the rising tone.
“Who is my daddy and what does he do?” actually seems to drop a little bit.
I guess in this example, “who is your daddy?” Is the main question, which has a somewhat flat intonation, but contrasted to the emphasis in the second half of the sentence, it feels like a rise